Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh, Di Keraton Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26742/mklng.v1i1.866Abstrak
Abstrak
Kajian ini membahas tentang struktur dan fungsi tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh dalam upacara ritual Bapelas di Kraton Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Upacara tersebut, merupakan bagian integral dalam pelaksanaan upacara besar yang disebut “Erau”. Repertoar tari tersebut dijadikan sebagai media upacara ritual yang memiliki dimensi nilai tersendiri. Akan tetapi, upacara Erau tersebut hingga saat ini tidak banyak diketahui masyarakat luas. Keberadaannya di dalam lingkungan kraton, pada umumnya sulit untuk dapat diakses oleh masyarakat di luar kraton.
Berkaitan dengan persoalan itulah, maka penulis menguak keberadaan tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gambuh tersebut melalui kegiatan penelitian. Mengingat banyak hal penting yang memerlukan penelusuran secara mendalam, maka pertanyaan penelitian difokuskan kepada dua hal, yaitu mengenai Struktur dan fungsi. Oleh karena itu, penulis melakukan pendekatan terhadap teori struktur yang diungkapkan oleh FX.Widaryanto, dan untuk fungsinya digunakan pendekatan teori dari R. M. Soedarsono. Untuk mencapai hasil yang dimaksud, maka penulis menggunakan pendekatan metode Deskriptif Argumentatif. yang mengacu kepada pendapat Tjetje Rohendi Rohidi.
Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh simpulan, bahwa: Pertama, fungsi tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh merupakan tarian dengan struktur koreografi yang sangat sederhana, monoton, dan tidak dipertunjukkan secara umum. Kedua, repertoar tersebut berfungsi sebagai media ritual yang sakral dalam upacara Bapelas di lingkungan Kraton Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur.
Kata Kunci (Key word): Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh, Bapelas, Erau, Kutai Kartanegara.
Abstract
This study discusses the structure and function of Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh in Bapelas ritual ceremony in the Palace of Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. The ceremony is an integral part in the implementation of a large ceremony called "Erau". The dance repertoire is used as a medium of ritual ceremony which has its own value dimension. The Erau ceremony, however, is not much known to the wider community until today. Its presence, in the palace, is difficult to be accessed by the public outside the palace.
In connection with that issue, the author reveals the existence of Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh through the research activity. Considering that there are many important issues which require deeply searching, so the research questions are focused on two things, those are regarding the structure and function. Therefore, the author approaches to the theory of structure stated by F.X.Widaryanto, and the function uses the theory of R.M. Soedarsono. To achieve the intended results, the author uses Argumentative Descriptive method which refers to the opinion of Tjetje Rohendi Rohidi.
The results of the research show that: First, the function of Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh is a dance with a very simple choreography structure, monotonous, and is not generally performed. Second, the repertoire serves as a sacred ritual medium in Bapelas ceremony in the palace of Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan.
Key words: Tari Dewa Menurunkan Sanghiyang Sri Gamboh, Bapelas, Erau, Kutai
Kartanegara
Referensi
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Eliade, Mercia. 2002. Sakral dan Profan (“The Sacreted and the Profane” terj. Nuwanto). Yogyakarta: Fajar Pustaka Baru.
F.X. Widaryanto. 2005. Kritik Tari: Gaya, Struktur, Dan Makna. Bandung: Kelir.
Harry Bachroel, ed. 2009. Kumpulan Catatan yang Berhubungan Dengan Adat Istiadat Kutai Kartanegara Ing Martadipura. Kabu-paten Kutai Kartanegara: Disbudpar
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R.M. Soedarsono. 1985. “Peran Seni Budaya dalam Sejarah Kehidupan Manusia: Kontinuitas dan Perubahannya” (Makalah). Disampaikan pada pidato Pengukuhan Jabatan Guru Besar pada Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
R.M. Soedarsono. 1996. Tari-TarianTradisional Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Harapan Kita.
Royce, Anya Peterson. 2007. Antropologi Tari (The Dance Antropology terj. F.X.Widaryanto). Bandung: Sunan Ambu Press, STSI Bandung.
Tjetjep Rohendi Rohidi. 2011. Metodologi Penelitian Seni. Semarang: C.V Cipta Prima Nusantara
Toto Amsar Suanda. 2014. “Komunikasi Pribadi”. 25 Februa
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